The Essence of Knowledge is Simulation and Logical Construct
来源:Lecture Notes in Arts, Literature and Linguistics. Volume:18. February 21-23,2022, pp.169-178. | 作者:Yong Duan | 发布时间: 2021-12-29 | 14739 次浏览 | 分享到:
It is an important basis of ontology to explain clearly what the subjective world contains. Frege and other Western philosophers were seriously wrong about concepts and the foundations of mathematics. The simulation is to mimic something with a fake product. People's knowledge about the world is also a kind of simulation. The content of knowledge is fake product relative to the object. The difference between people's knowledge and the object that is simulated can be made on purpose. The altered knowledge doesn't necessarily have real object corresponding to it. These thought games can bring about more value of knowledge and benefit in practice. The civilization and culture of human being mainly come from the innovative thought games. The logical construct of sentences describing something is a simulation of the thing or thought game. A symbol is a substance used to create an association in mind. Logical constructs have three advantages compared with real things: simple, useful, and stable. The concept is the logical construct produced after abstraction of things. Different degrees of abstraction can produce different degrees of concept. Abstract concepts of most disciplines retain more attributes, so they are not easy to analyze and study. The concepts of numbers and points, lines, planes and bodies are the results that retain few attributes after abstraction, which are simpler than concepts of other disciplines and easier to analyze and study.
Key Words: Epistemology; Logical construct; Concept; Simulation; Maths; Geometry

Speaking and writing is a kind of practice governed by man's mind. When people use language or words to express their thought, there are logical relationships such as "and, not, or" between multiple sentences. The statements connected by these logical relationships are called logical constructs or logical structures. A logical construct of sentences describing something is a simulation of something or a thought game. Some of the structures and properties of this logical construct are the same as the objective real things, and some of the structures and properties are different.

The basic elements of logical constructs are symbols. There are many kinds of symbols. Words, numbers, graphics, animations are symbols, sounds, language and actions may be symbols, too.

A symbol has three characters. First, it is a man-made substance, not a consciousness. Second, when we see or hear it, we'll have certain associations in mind. Third, the properties of the symbol itself have no value, while the associations we make in mind when we see and hear it have a lot of value.

A logical construct usually consists of multiple sentences. Russell called each sentence an atomic proposition, and multiple sentences constitute a molecular proposition. For example, China has a long history, and China has great people. This is a molecular proposition consisting of two atomic propositions. Molecular proposition is a logical function composed of atomic propositons. An atomic proposition can be its own logical function. Multiple molecular propositions constitute documents, theories, books, and systems of thought.

The logical construct composed of symbols is substance, not consciousness. But when the logical construct is constructed, processed and used, the corresponding consciousness needs to be produced. The symbol is dead, and the consciousness corresponding to it is alive. So the main function of logical construct is that of consciousness.

Definition: Logical constructs are simulated or innovative thought products, including thought products as consciousness and symbols.

There are three forms of logical constructs as thought product. The first is composed of multiple statements and propositions. The second is composed of multiple images, videos and so on. For example, when we think of China, we think of maps of China, the Great Wall and Huanghe river. These images and videos can also be connected into a complete logical construct by logical relations such as "and, not, or" like propositions, in which each image or video is equivalent to an atomic proposition. The third type is composed of statements, propositions, images and videos.

Objective things have many properties, some properties can be simulated by image and video, some properties can not be simulated by image and video. For example, the weight of product cannot be represented by images, but only by literal symbols. The shape of the product is difficult to describe clearly with words, but suitable for graphic description. So the simulation needs both image and language. The combination of these things with logical relation words is a complete logical construct.