³⁰ As a matter of fact, this kind of good was advocated in Mao Zedong's era, but produced the reverse, the public morals declined greatly, which would not have happened if the good from inclination had been advocated. To help others from inclination is usually a fair bargain. The dedication from duty is unfair bargain, which is impossible to be permanence. The society gives dedicating people great honor to make the bargain fair, but still many people do not regard the honor worthy enough for the material loss.

Justice is the general and basic criterion, to which no violation is allowed. Good is a higher criterion which is not general. The society reward good, but should not force everybody to perform it. Kant and Mao were not strong enough to fight against the principle of utility.

Ⅵ. The Source of Human Rights

Justice is realized mostly by selfishness in competition, many of which are very cruel with sacrifice of many lives. By comparison, good is to offer one's own benefit to others, and therefore possibly makes him lose in competition. So justice can not be realized only rely on good characters.

Bentham said, “whatever is given for law by the person or persons recognized as possessing the power of making laws, is law.”³¹ But Bentham did not explain who possess the power of making laws. In fact, everyone wishes to have power to make laws in order to control others. Different people or throngs, however, have different strength. Powerful throng got rights in struggle first, which meant they could make laws to enslave others, while others had to resist and strive for their rights.

The weaker the people had resisted, the more difficult they obtained human rights. Many throngs have not got equal rights until now. Nations with large population got rights first, while minorities later. Animals have little intellect and are still engaged and killed now.

Theorem: Rights come from struggle.

People do not have natural rights, nor do the embryo of people, chimera and animals. People protect animals now because their extinction has threatened the existence of human being. The rights embryo and chimera should get depend on the effect they bring to adult. This is the inevitable result though you are very kind and hope to give them as more rights as possible.