5. Neo-Essentialism

5.1 Anti-Essentialism in Modern Philosophy

The building of classical Western philosophy takes Metaphysics and Essentialism as the main body, and German classical philosophy is the peak of its development. Later Western philosophy resembled late Greco-Roman philosophy, tinkering within classical Metaphysics. However, even at the height of Hegel's philosophy, Kierkegaard had begun to challenge Hegel and his Essentialism. By the end of the 19th century, the movement of "Overcome Metaphysics" represented by Nietzsche occupied almost half of the philosophical stage. In the 20th century, Anti-essentialism gradually replaced classical Metaphysics and Essentialism and became the mainstream of Western philosophy. Postmodernism and Deconstruction were more thorough in overcoming Metaphysics. Thus, Western philosophy once again entered the "intermission" state. But the defeat of Essentialism does not mean the bankruptcy of philosophy. On the contrary, Anti-essentialism enriched philosophical thought, on which a new Metaphysics and New Essentialism can be built.

5.2 What is Neo-Essentialism

The Ontology of Taiji Evolutionism is Dialectical Dualism. The Essentialism in Dialectical Dualism holds that philosophy needs to research many abstract things such as Origin, Noumenon, laws and concepts, while science also needs to research abstract things such as laws and concepts, which are all essences. However, these essences are different from those of traditional Essentialism. These essences do not belong to the objective world, but only exist in the subjective world. Theories such as Objective Idealism and Realism belong to traditional Essentialism. They believe that essence is the real thing in the objective world. The Essentialism in Dialectical Dualism holds that the essence in the objective world has no value, while the essence in the subjective world has high value and is the main contents of human civilization and culture. The main task of philosophical Ontology is to create the essence in the subjective world, including the Origin, Noumenon, laws, concepts, commonalities, world views and so on. This is the Neo-essentialism.